Words that can't be translated into English

Charlotte Guest
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While English is a rich language, there are some words from other languages that dont have a direct translation. These words often describe special feelings, situations, or ideas that are deeply connected to their cultures. For example, just as some languages have specific words for different types of weather, other languages have unique words for particular moments or emotions that are hard to explain in English. Here are some interesting examples of untranslatable words that show us the different ways people see the world.

Words that can't be translated directly into English
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Examples of untranslatable words

1. Wabi-sabi ()

?Language: Japanese?

?Origin: Zen Buddhist philosophy?

Meaning: Wabi-sabi is a way of seeing beauty in things that are imperfect and temporary. It appreciates the natural cycle of growth and decay. For example, a weathered wooden bench or a chipped ceramic bowl are beautiful because they show signs of age and use.

2. Saudade

Language: Portuguese?

Origin: From Latin "solitas" meaning solitude?

Meaning: Saudade is a deep feeling of missing someone or something you love but that is not present. It is a mix of sadness and happiness, often brought on by memories.

3. Schadenfreude

Language: German?

Origin: From "Schaden" (damage/harm) and "Freude" (joy)?

Meaning: Schadenfreude is the feeling of pleasure or satisfaction when you see someone else experience trouble or suffering. It is a complex emotion that shows the mix of empathy and rivalry.

4. Hygge

Language: Danish?

Origin: From Old Norse "hugga" meaning to comfort or console?

Meaning: Hygge is a feeling of cozy contentment and well-being from enjoying simple things in life. It is often associated with candlelit evenings, warm blankets, and spending time with loved ones.

5. Mamihlapinatapai

Language: Yaghan (Indigenous language of Tierra del Fuego)?

Origin: Yaghan people?

Meaning: This word describes the look shared by two people who both want to start something but are both too shy or hesitant to do so. It is a moment of mutual understanding and hesitation.

6. Toska

Language: Russian?

Origin: From Old Russian?

Meaning: Toska is a word that describes a deep, spiritual sadness or longing. It can range from a vague restlessness to an intense, existential yearning. It is a complex emotion that can include nostalgia and a sense of the ineffable.

7. Sobremesa

Language: Spanish?

Origin: From "sobre" (over) and "mesa" (table)?

Meaning: Sobremesa is the time spent relaxing and talking after a meal, enjoying the company of others. It is a cherished tradition in many Spanish-speaking countries.

8. G?kotta

Language: Swedish?

Origin: From "g?k" (cuckoo) and "otta" (early morning)?

Meaning: G?kotta is the act of waking up early in the morning to go outside and listen to the first birds singing. It is a celebration of nature and the peace of early morning.

9. Komorebi (ľ©)

Language: Japanese?

Origin: From "ko" (tree), "moreru" (to leak through), and "bi" (light)?

Meaning: Komorebi describes the sunlight that filters through the leaves of trees, creating a beautiful play of light and shadow. It captures a peaceful and almost magical moment in nature.

10. Meraki (̦Ŧ?ʦ)

Language: Greek

Origin: From Turkish "merak" (labor of love)?

Meaning: Meraki is the soul, creativity, or love you put into something; the essence of yourself that you put into your work. It is often used to describe the passion and dedication you pour into a task.

Borrowing words from English

Interestingly, just as English speakers sometimes struggle to find the right word for certain feelings or situations, speakers of other languages also face similar challenges. When a language lacks a specific word for a new concept or item, it often borrows from another language. English, being a dominant global language, is frequently the source of these borrowed words.

For example, Japanese has adopted many English words. Here are a few examples:

1. ԥ` (Konpyta)

Origin: English "computer"?

Meaning: This word is used in Japanese to refer to a computer. While Japanese has its own words for many things, the rapid advancement of technology brought with it new concepts that didn't have existing Japanese terms.

2. ڥѥ (Peparoni)

Origin:?English "pepperoni"?

Meaning: This word is used in Japanese to mean pepperoni, a type of spicy salami often used as a pizza topping. The concept of pepperoni was introduced from Western cuisine and the English term was adapted to fit the Japanese phonetic system.

3. ` (Aisukurmu)

Origin: English "ice cream"?

Meaning: This word is used in Japanese to refer to ice cream. The concept of ice cream was introduced to Japan and the English term was adapted to fit the Japanese phonetic system.

4. ٩`` (Erebt)

Origin: English "elevator"?

Meaning: This word is used in Japanese to refer to an elevator. As modern buildings with elevators became more common in Japan, the English term was borrowed.

These borrowed words are often adapted to fit the phonetic and grammatical systems of the borrowing language. This process of borrowing and adapting words shows how languages evolve and influence each other, enriching their vocabularies and enabling speakers to communicate new ideas.

These words show us that language is not just a way to communicate but also a reflection of the unique ways different cultures understand and interact with the world. While they may not have direct translations in English, their meanings resonate with universal human emotions and experiences. So next time you experience a moment that feels hard to describe, remember that somewhere in the world, there might be a perfect word for it.

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  • Two ladies in a pottery studio, one with a clipboard, both looking at a laptop together

    11 ways you can avoid English jargon at work

    By Steffanie Zazulak

    From blue-sky thinking to lots of moving parts, there are many phrases used in the office that sometimes seem to make little sense in a work environment. These phrases are known as work jargon C or you might hear it referred to as corporate jargon, business jargon or management speak. Its a type of language generally used by a profession or group in the workplace, and has been created and evolved over time. And whether people use this work jargon to sound impressive or to disguise the fact that they are unsure about the subject they are talking about, its much simpler and clearer to use plain English. This will mean that more people understand what they are saying C?both fluent and second-language English speakers.

    The preference for?plain English?stems from the desire for communication to be clear and concise. This not only helps fluent English speakers to understand things better, but it also means that those learning English pick up a clearer vocabulary. This is particularly?important in business, where its important that all colleagues feel included as part of the team and can understand what is being said. This, in turn, helps every colleague feel equipped with the information they need to do their jobs better, in the language they choose to use.

    Here, we explore some of the most common examples of English jargon at work that you might hear and suggest alternatives you can use

    Blue-sky thinking

    This refers to ideas that are not limited by current thinking or beliefs. Its used to encourage people to be more creative with their thinking. The phrase could be confusing as co-workers may wonder why youre discussing the sky in a business environment.

    Instead of:?This is a new client, so we want to see some blue-sky thinking.

    Try saying:?This is a new client, so dont limit your creativity.

    Helicopter view

    This phrase is often used to mean a broad overview of the business. It comes from the idea of being a passenger in a helicopter and being able to see a bigger view of a city or landscape than if you were simply viewing it from the ground.?Second-language English speakers might take the phrase literally, and be puzzled as to why someone in the office is talking about taking a helicopter ride.

    Instead of:?Heres a helicopter view of the business.

    Try saying:?This is a broad view of the business.

    Get all your ducks in a row

    This is nothing to do with actual ducks; it simply means to be organized. While we dont exactly know the origin of this phrase, it probably stems from actual ducklings that walk in a neat row behind their parents.

    Instead of:?This is a busy time for the company, so make sure you get all your ducks in a row.

    Try saying:?This is a busy time for the company, so make sure youre as organized as possible.

    Thinking outside the box

    Often used to encourage people to use novel or creative thinking. The phrase is commonly used when solving problems or thinking of a new concept. The idea is that, if youre inside a box, you can only see those walls and that might block you from coming up with the best solution.

    Instead of:?The client is looking for something extra special, so try thinking outside the box.

    Try saying:?The client is looking for something extra special, so try thinking of something a bit different to the usual work we do for them.

    IGUs (Income Generating Units)

    A college principal alerted us to this one C it refers to his students. This is a classic example of jargon when many more words are used than necessary.

    Instead of:?This year, we have 300 new IGUs.

    Try saying:?This year, we have 300 new students.

    Run it up the flagpole

    Often followed by and see if it flies or and see if anyone salutes it, this phrase is a way of asking someone to suggest an idea and see what the reaction is.

    Instead of:?I love your idea, run it up the flagpole and see if it flies.

    Try saying:?I love your idea, see what the others think about it.

    Swim lane

    A visual element C a bit like a flow chart C? that distinguishes a specific responsibility in a business organization. The name for a?swim lane?diagram comes from the fact that the information is broken up into different sections C or lanes C a bit like in our picture above.

    Instead of:?Refer to the swim lanes to find out what your responsibilities are.

    Try saying:?Refer to the diagram/chart to find out what your responsibilities are.

    Bleeding edge

    A way to describe something that is innovative or cutting edge. It tends to imply an even greater advancement of technology that is almost so clever that it is unbelievable in its current state.

    Instead of:?The new technology we have purchased is bleeding edge.

    Try saying:?The new technology we have purchased is innovative.

    Tiger team

    A tiger team is a group of experts brought together for a single project or event. Theyre often assembled to assure management that everything is under control, and the term suggests strength.

    Instead of:?The tiger team will solve the problem.?

    Try saying:?The experts will solve the problem.?

    Lots of moving parts

    When a project is complicated, this phrase is sometimes used to indicate lots is going on.

    Instead of:?This project will run for several months and there are lots of moving parts to it.

    Try saying:?This project will run for several months and it will be complicated.

    A paradigm shift

    Technically, this is a valid way to describe changing how you do something and the model you use. The word paradigm (pronounced para-dime) is an accepted way or pattern of doing something. So the shift part means that a possible new way has been discovered. Second-language English speakers however, might not be familiar with the meaning and might be confused about what it actually means.

    Instead of:?To solve this problem, we need a paradigm shift.

    Try saying:?To solve this problem; we need to think differently.