Balancing work, life, and learning: How adult learners navigate English language learning

Dr. Le Dinh Bao Quoc
A man sat outside smiling working on a laptop
Reading time: 4 minutes

Dr. Quoc is an author, educational solutions provider and AIED expert with over 20 years of experience in ELT and education in Vietnam. He is the Founder and CEO of Pro.Ed Education Solutions and Chief Officer of EduVerse, a global network supporting lifelong learning for educators. Dr. Quoc is also the author of The Art and Science of ChatGPT in Education and was named a LinkedIn Top Educational Leadership Voice in 2024. His work focuses on integrating AI into education to support personalized and flexible learning for teachers and learners.

For many adult learners, mastering English isn¡¯t just about gaining a new skill¡ªit¡¯s about unlocking opportunities in work, family and social spheres. But juggling English lessons alongside work, family obligations and social commitments is a challenge that can feel overwhelming.

This guide explores the unique challenges adult learners face and how educators can support them with empathy, flexibility and effective strategies.

The challenges of learning English as an adult

Meet Le, a 35-year-old Vietnamese project manager who dreams of working for an international company. With a demanding full-time job and two young children, finding time for English lessons feels impossible. Missing classes and struggling to complete assignments leads to frustration and self-doubt¡ªan all-too-common experience among adult learners.

Many adults face similar challenges:

  • Balancing work, family and personal commitments leaves little time and energy for study.
  • Fatigue after a long day makes it difficult to concentrate or retain information.
  • Progress feels slow, which can be demotivating.

Without practical support, the goal of English proficiency can seem out of reach.

Strategies for overcoming challenges

1. Setting SMART Goals

Educators can guide learners to set Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound (SMART) goals. Breaking down larger objectives into small, measurable milestones gives learners a sense of achievement. For example, ɫèAV¡¯s Global Scale of English (GSE) provides actionable ¡°Can-do¡± statements, such as:

  • Reading (GSE 37/CEFR A2+): Can understand simple personal emails.
  • Speaking (GSE 44/CEFR B1): Can give a short talk with visual support.

These manageable goals create motivation and help learners like Le stay focused without feeling overwhelmed.

2. Offering flexible learning options

Flexibility is key for adult learners. Teachers can adopt strategies such as:

  • Modular lessons that can be completed in short sessions.
  • Micro-learning, including 10-minute daily practices using apps or quick grammar exercises.

For learners like Le, micro-learning can easily be integrated into a work commute or lunch break.

3. Blending learning with real-world scenarios

Teaching English through practical, real-life contexts makes lessons more relevant and efficient. Using authentic materials like emails, meeting notes, or presentations mirrors learners¡¯ daily lives and creates immediate applications for their new skills. For instance:

  • Help learners role-play workplace conversations.
  • Develop speaking proficiency for social interactions or workplace scenarios.

This approach saves time and reinforces the usefulness of learning English, keeping learners motivated.

4. Encouraging weekly reflection

Reflection allows learners to monitor their progress, stay motivated and adapt their strategies. Teachers can:

  • Encourage learners to set weekly goals (e.g., learning new business vocabulary or practicing pronunciation for 15 minutes daily).
  • Use reflection journals to track achievements, identify challenges and adjust learning plans.

This habit reinforces a growth mindset, helping learners make consistent progress amidst their busy schedules.

Implementing the strategies

Here¡¯s how educators can apply these strategies effectively:

1. Assess and set goals

Work with learners to set realistic, measurable goals based on their personal motivations and schedules.

2. Create flexible study plans

Develop personalized study schedules that incorporate modular lessons and micro-learning techniques.

3. Use authentic materials

Include sample emails, presentations, or conversations that align with the learner¡¯s work or life situations, making lessons more practical.

4. Encourage accountability

Implement tools like reflective journals or digital reminders to help learners stay on track and see their progress.

5. Leverage personalized AI tools

Use AI-powered tools to recommend tailored exercises, provide instant feedback and enable targeted practice in learners¡¯ focus areas.

Why It matters

English proficiency opens doors to better job opportunities, stronger social connections and enriched personal growth. By providing empathetic and flexible support, teachers empower learners to achieve their goals without compromising their work-life balance.
For educators seeking further resources, ɫèAV¡¯s GSE framework offers valuable tools to help adult learners succeed. Teachers can use these aids to track progress and personalize lessons for maximum impact.

Celebrate education

To mark the incredible work of educators helping learners balance work, life and study, we encourage you to share your own experiences and tips to others. Together, we can continue to empower lifelong learning and celebrate the role of education in transforming lives.

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    1. Bob¡¯s your uncle

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    2. The bee¡¯s knees

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    3. More holes than Swiss cheese

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    4. Bamboozle

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    6. Gobbledygook

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    7. Mad as a hatter

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    8. Raining cats and dogs

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    How to use praise to motivate your students

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    Praise in the classroom is a valuable resource that every teacher has in their toolbox.?It can encourage struggling students and reward learners who have been studying diligently and working hard on their language skills.

    But not all types of praise have the same effect. Let¡¯s take a look at different types of praise and how you can use it to boost your learners¡¯ motivation and?self-esteem.?

    Different types of praise in the classroom

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    • Personal praise: Here you praise a student for a specific ability or quality. For example, you might say something like,?¡°You have a great memory for vocabulary¡±.??
    • Effort-based praise: This?is when you comment on a student¡¯s efforts. For example, you could say,?¡°I can see you tried really hard with this vocabulary homework ¨C well done.¡±??
    • Behavior-based praise:?This type of praise?is where you comment on how a student is acting, an example would be,?¡°You were really paying attention during the vocabulary lesson ¨C good job.¡±

    So how ¨C and when ¨C should we use these types of praise in the classroom??

    Try not to praise ability

    The first type of praise ¨C personal praise ¨C should be avoided in the classroom.??has shown that this type of praise doesn¡¯t have a beneficial effect on motivation.?

    In fact, praise for intelligence actually has a detrimental effect on student achievement. When students were praised for their intelligence, they tended to care more about their performance goals ¨C the score they achieved on a test, for example. Learning goals, like mastering a new skill, became less important to them.?

    Moreover, personal praise has been shown to undermine student resilience in the face of failure. Students showed less persistence when it came to challenging tasks and less enjoyment of the challenge. They also performed more poorly than children praised for effort.?

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    How to praise effort and behavior

    When it comes to praising effort and behavior, what¡¯s the most effective way to do it? Here are some techniques to employ:?

    1. Be specific ?

    General praise such as ¡°Good job¡± isn¡¯t nearly as effective as a comment that shows you¡¯ve been paying attention to what the student is doing. A precise compliment will make a much bigger impact on a student, for example:?¡°I was really impressed at how hard you concentrated during the listening exercise. Well done.¡±??

    2. Give praise in the moment?

    Immediate praise doesn¡¯t need to be disruptive, but it shows students that you are paying attention and noticing good behavior and effort.?

    3. Avoid comparisons with other students?

    Instead of saying, ¡°You got the best mark in the class ¨C well done!¡± say something like,?¡°You got a really high score in the reading test. Your hard work has really paid off this term.¡±

    4. Keep track of praise?

    Before your class, choose three or four students you¡¯re going to praise that day. That way, you can be sure that each and every student will benefit from the motivational power of effective classroom praise!

    5. Personalize your praise, depending on the student?

    Young students enjoy being praised publicly, but shy students, older children and teenagers prefer positive feedback to be given quietly.?

    Don¡¯t overpraise and watch your positive bias?

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