How to use praise to motivate your students

Joanna Wiseman
A group of students  hugging a teacher
Reading time: 3 minutes

Praise in the classroom is a valuable resource that every teacher has in their toolbox.?It can encourage struggling students and reward learners who have been studying diligently and working hard on their language skills.

But not all types of praise have the same effect. Let’s take a look at different types of praise and how you can use it to boost your learners’ motivation and?self-esteem.?

Different types of praise in the classroom

There are three types of praise that teachers commonly engage in - but they’re not all equal and are not all desirable:?

  • Personal praise: Here you praise a student for a specific ability or quality. For example, you might say something like,?“You have a great memory for vocabulary”.??
  • Effort-based praise: This?is when you comment on a student’s efforts. For example, you could say,?“I can see you tried really hard with this vocabulary homework – well done.”??
  • Behavior-based praise:?This type of praise?is where you comment on how a student is acting, an example would be,?“You were really paying attention during the vocabulary lesson – good job.”

So how – and when – should we use these types of praise in the classroom??

Try not to praise ability

The first type of praise – personal praise – should be avoided in the classroom.??has shown that this type of praise doesn’t have a beneficial effect on motivation.?

In fact, praise for intelligence actually has a detrimental effect on student achievement. When students were praised for their intelligence, they tended to care more about their performance goals – the score they achieved on a test, for example. Learning goals, like mastering a new skill, became less important to them.?

Moreover, personal praise has been shown to undermine student resilience in the face of failure. Students showed less persistence when it came to challenging tasks and less enjoyment of the challenge. They also performed more poorly than children praised for effort.?

Furthermore, when you praise students for their ability, they also tend to see intelligence or aptitude as a fixed trait. However, students who are praised for effort are more likely to see ability as something they can improve on. This feeds into the development of a growth mindset vs a fixed mindset.?It’s important to?instill?a growth mindset in learners to enable them to reach their full potential.?

How to praise effort and behavior

When it comes to praising effort and behavior, what’s the most effective way to do it? Here are some techniques to employ:?

1. Be specific ?

General praise such as “Good job” isn’t nearly as effective as a comment that shows you’ve been paying attention to what the student is doing. A precise compliment will make a much bigger impact on a student, for example:?“I was really impressed at how hard you concentrated during the listening exercise. Well done.”??

2. Give praise in the moment?

Immediate praise doesn’t need to be disruptive, but it shows students that you are paying attention and noticing good behavior and effort.?

3. Avoid comparisons with other students?

Instead of saying, “You got the best mark in the class – well done!” say something like,?“You got a really high score in the reading test. Your hard work has really paid off this term.”

4. Keep track of praise?

Before your class, choose three or four students you’re going to praise that day. That way, you can be sure that each and every student will benefit from the motivational power of effective classroom praise!

5. Personalize your praise, depending on the student?

Young students enjoy being praised publicly, but shy students, older children and teenagers prefer positive feedback to be given quietly.?

Don’t overpraise and watch your positive bias?

It’s important to be sincere. Older children, especially adolescents, have an extremely low tolerance of insincerity. So, don’t be tempted to praise students too often, or too effusively – it can actually have a negative impact on your relationship with your whole class. Insincere praise can lead students to question your judgement.?

It’s also really important to be aware of your positive bias.?that teachers consistently give students of color more positive feedback on their work. It’s done with good intentions, but it can actually be harmful. If you regularly overpraise students for minor achievements, it can imply that you have low expectations for these students. And, this can make your students feel like they might not be capable of fulfilling the high expectations that you should have of them.?

So, instead of overpraising, focus on giving specific, immediate praise to motivate your students, boost their?self-esteem and unlock their potential.

Find out how to?nurture creativity in your learners?and this post will tell you how to?promote student happiness?and wellbeing.?

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    Speakers: Approximately 1.5 billion

    Native speakers: Around 360 million

    Regions: Widely spoken in the Americas, Europe, Africa, Asia and Oceania.

    Highlights: English is the most widely spoken language worldwide when combining native and non-native speakers. It's the primary language in countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia. English is the dominant language in international business, science and technology.

    2. Mandarin Chinese

    Speakers: Over 1.1 billion

    Native speakers: About 920 million

    Regions: Mainly in China, Taiwan and Singapore

    Highlights: Mandarin is the language with the largest number of native speakers. It's one of the six official languages of the United Nations and has a significant cultural and historical importance.

    3. Hindi

    Speakers: Around 600 million

    Native speakers: Approximately 341 million

    Regions: Predominantly in India and Nepal

    Highlights: Hindi is predominantly spoken in India and Nepal, with approximately 341 million native speakers. It is one of the official languages of India and is spoken by a large portion of the Indian population. It has numerous dialects and is written in the Devanagari script.

    4. Spanish

    Speakers: Approximately 560 million

    Native speakers: About 460 million

    Regions: Spain, Latin America and parts of the United States

    Highlights: Spanish is the official language in 21 countries and is widely spoken in the Americas. In many of these countries, Spanish serves as the national language, playing a crucial role in government, education and media. It’s known for its rich literature and cultural heritage.

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    Speakers: Around 280 million

    Native speakers: About 77 million

    Regions: France, parts of Africa, Canada, Belgium and Switzerland

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    Speakers: Approximately 270 million

    Native speakers: Around 310 million

    Regions: Middle East and North Africa

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    Speakers: Around 265 million

    Native speakers: About 230 million

    Regions: Bangladesh and parts of India

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    Speakers: Approximately 220 million

    Native speakers: Around 220 million

    Regions: Brazil, Portugal and parts of Africa

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    Speakers: Around 258 million

    Native speakers: Approximately 154 million

    Regions: Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia

    Highlights: Russian is one of the six official languages of the United Nations and is widely spoken in the former Soviet Union countries.

    10. Japanese

    Speakers: Approximately 128 million

    Native speakers: Around 128 million

    Regions: Japan

    Highlights: Japanese is predominantly spoken in Japan and is known for its three writing systems—Hiragana, Katakana and Kanji. It has a rich cultural history and is influential in technology and entertainment.

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