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A manufacturing plant produces metal rods for automotive assembly. Based on quality control data, rod lengths are normally distributed with $\mu =100\mathrm{cm}$ & $\sigma =0.8\mathrm{cm}$. Rods shorter than $98.5\mathrm{cm}$ are considered defective. What $\%$ of rods are below this tolerance?

A company is launching a new line of smart thermostats predicts that weekly sales will follow a normal distribution with $\mu =4,000$ units $\sigma =500$ units. How many units must be stocked each week to ensure that demand is met $95\%$ of the time?